The Carbon Base of Life Forms - A carbon atom contains four valence electrons, which can bond with up to four other atoms. Carbon atoms can join in chains or rings of various shapes. To a large extent, the shape of a molecule determines its chemical properties.
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Substances that contain carbon are called organic, because all carbon-based substances had their origin in living things. The life forms that have evolved on this planet are said to be carbon-based in other words, the element carbon has been the primary building block of living things on earth. But with 92 naturally occurring elements, why is life on this earth based on carbon? What is so unique about this atom? To understand that you must look carefully at carbon's structure. (Source: Avila, Vernon L. Biology : Investigating Life On Earth Jones and Bartlett/Bookmark Series in Biology)
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